Tarsal coalition is a condition in which two or more bones in the foot are abnormally connected. This connection may be made of bone, cartilage, or fibrous tissue and most often occurs in the back portion of the foot. Because these bones are meant to move independently, the connection can limit normal motion and interfere with healthy foot function.
Many people are born with tarsal coalition, but symptoms often do not appear until late childhood or adolescence, when the bones mature and become less flexible. Some individuals do not experience noticeable problems until adulthood. Common symptoms include foot pain, stiffness, frequent ankle sprains, flat foot deformity, and difficulty walking on uneven surfaces. Pain is often worse with activity and may improve with rest.
Tarsal coalition can affect balance and the way the foot absorbs shock. Limited motion in the affected joints may cause the foot to become rigid, placing extra stress on surrounding joints, tendons, and muscles. Over time, this can lead to chronic discomfort and reduced mobility if left untreated.
A podiatric evaluation is important for diagnosing tarsal coalition. This typically includes a physical examination to assess foot structure, range of motion, and walking mechanics. Imaging studies such as x-rays or advanced scans may be used to confirm the presence and type of coalition.
Treatment depends on the severity of symptoms and the impact on daily activities. Many patients benefit from non surgical care, especially when the condition is identified early. Treatment options may include custom orthotics, supportive footwear, activity modification, targeted exercise, immobilization, or anti-inflammatory care to reduce pain and improve function.
If foot pain, stiffness, or repeated ankle sprains are interfering with daily life, make an appointment for proper evaluation and treatment. Early care can help protect foot function and support long-term comfort.
